Since August 2025, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) has published new guidelines that modify how officers assess good moral character during the naturalization process. These changes aim for a more comprehensive and humane review of the applicant's life, going beyond simply verifying the absence of crimes or misconduct.

A Broader and More Human Analysis

Under the new rules, USCIS must evaluate the applicant's entire set of circumstances. This means that officers will consider both positive and negative aspects, applying the "preponderance of the evidence" standard—that is, whether it is more likely yes that the person demonstrates good moral character.

Among the positive factors now being taken into account are:

• Active participation and contribution in the community.
• Family responsibility and care for loved ones.
• Education and job stability.
• Compliance with laws and financial obligations.
• Tax payment.

Negative Factors and Barriers to Good Moral Character

Certain serious crimes remain permanent barriers, such as murder, aggravated crimes, persecution, genocide, or torture.
Other behaviors, such as drug-related violations, multiple DUI offenses, or false statements of U.S. citizenship, may temporarily prevent naturalization.

USCIS also introduced a new, more subjective standard: actions “contrary to the average behavior of citizens” in the applicant’s community. This could include non-criminal conduct considered irresponsible or uncivil, such as frequent traffic violations or harassment. Because this criterion can vary by region, applicants are advised to maintain strong evidence of their good deeds and positive conduct.

Evidence of Rehabilitation

If a person has made mistakes in the past, USCIS will consider evidence of rehabilitation, such as complying with court orders, paying taxes or debts, performing volunteer work, caring for family members, or submitting letters of recommendation that support their positive character. These actions demonstrate growth and responsibility.

Neighborhood Visits and Employer Consultations

Another new policy reinstates the ability for USCIS to conduct neighborhood investigations. Officers can contact neighbors, employers, or coworkers on a case-by-case basis to verify an applicant's reputation and behavior.
Although it will not be common in all cases, applicants should be prepared and notify their references about their naturalization process.

What it means for applicants

This new approach demonstrates that USCIS is seeking a more comprehensive and character-based evaluation of each individual. Applicants must provide evidence of their community involvement, stable employment history, family contributions, and financial responsibility.

Preparing in advance, paying taxes, resolving legal or financial issues, and gathering letters of recommendation, can make all the difference when applying for citizenship.